How does streaming hurt jazz?
Streaming, the platform that has revolutionized the way we as a culture have consumed music, movies and TV. Jazz is an artform, a social music that had popular relevance in the 1930’s among mainstream culture, but since then the music has maintained a relatively low niche profile since bebop took hold in the forties, and crossover success with so called jazz rock and jazz funk and smooth jazz in the late 70’s and early 80’s. Jazz represents about 1.1%, (about the same as classical) of albums sold in the United States, but there is a pressing problem with streaming. Streaming robs the artists of their livelihood to make money, while the record companies, big conglomerates take the lion share of the revenue. So how does streaming hurt jazz?
As of February 2022 when this article is being penned, the legendary singer/songwriter Neil Young had his music removed from Spotify over controversial comedian, podcaster and UFC commentator Joe Rogan reportedly stating COVID 19 misinformation. Days later, Joni Mitchell, whose genre breaking and defining recordings often included jazz royalty like Pat Metheny, Michael Brecker, Jaco Pastorius also had her music pulled from the platform. Young, who owns most of his masters was able to get the majority of his music removed, had to also negotiate with a few record companies who owned the masters, so the artist does not always win in the end. Because of streaming being a powerful force in the way music is consumed, many artists like Sting, and Bruce Springsteen among many other names in the pop field have sold the rights to their music and streaming platforms. The grim reality of streaming is this however– by the format being completely digital in nature not only are musicians ceding their power to major corporations who decide WHAT gets put on streaming services, they are giving up their right to presentation of the product in the best possible manner, and the royalties are slim. Here are what royalties looked like in June, 2021 for major services:
| Music streaming service | Avg. pay per stream |
| Spotify | $0.00437 |
| Tidal | $0.01284 |
| Napster | $0.019 |
| Apple Music | $0.00783 |
| Deezer | $0.0064 |
| Amazon Music | $0.00402 |
| Pandora | $0.00133 |
| YouTube | $0.002 |
For a musician to make $1,000,000 alone on Spotify they must generate up to 229,000 streams. After that, the payout is a measly less than $5,000 at $4,366.
For jazz, from the mid forties on, the majority of classic albums were recorded for independent labels, like Dial, Savoy, Blue Note, Verve, Impulse! Prestige, CTI, ECM. Major labels like Columbia were recording artists like Miles Davis, Duke Ellington, Herbie Hancock, Mahavishnu Orchestra, Weather Report and Return to Forever and later in the 70’s Dexter Gordon (though at a cost: a lot of pushback from the suits). All the labels mentioned above are owned by one entity: Universal Music Group. Labels such as Atlantic, which recorded some of Mingus, Coltrane, Ornette Coleman and the Modern Jazz Quartet’s greatest albums is owned by WEA. CTI is under the Sony Music umbrella and other than intermittent reissue programs over the years, the catalog, largely of it’s place and time in the 70’s despite the great music hardly sells in America. ECM, is still independent however it’s new music where LP and CD are still the preferred method of release for label head Manfred Eicher, the distribution is handled by UMG. Independent jazz artists, and lesser known names are crushed by the streaming model. Some artists who have had interviews on the blog, have requested their music be pulled from major services like Spotify and Amazon HD– though for whatever reason, the material ends up there anyway. Services like Bandcamp are far more equitable. With the pandemic still with us, streaming is more revenue for artists since they are unable to tour, the musicians who put their work on Bandcamp for exam receive all the profits. Musicians who have no name value, play fringe genres or simply cannot come to grips with the technology are left out. While physical media sales are another avenue, for most of the mainstream, the convenience of streaming trumps all of that. Some musicians, very well known, following the lead of of Young and Mitchell are also trying to get their music removed from streaming platforms, but because of the systemic industry structure lack the ability to do so.
The New York Jazz Workshop provides workshops, and intensives both in Manhattan, Brooklyn and Europe
I have been the staff writer for the New York Jazz Workshop School of Music blog in midtown Manhattan since 2014, and that has broadened my freelance writing skills considerably. In addition to writing artist bios, and articles of interest that pertain to the mission of the school, I have interviewed (in print on the site) legendary guitarist and NEA Jazz Master Pat Metheny, trumpeter Cuong Vu, and in 2015 embarked on producing a podcast for the school where I have achieved my dream and interviewed jazz giants such as Dave Liebman, Lenny White, rising talents like Thana Alexa, Logan Richardson, guitarist and bassist Brian Kastan, among others. I also work on SEO optimization for the blog. In 2015 I started my blog Jazz Views with CJ Shearn, and have written liner notes for 5 time Grammy winner and Oscar and Golden Globe nominee, Antonio Sanchez (for his latest recording “Channels of Energy”) and guitarist Gene Ess for his latest recording, scheduled to be released in November 2018.
My passion for jazz music is what drives me, which is an interest I’ve had since I can remember. I initially began writing about jazz at the age of 13 for my high school newspaper, and in my late teens contributed occasionally to jazzreview.com. In college I was member of the Harpur Jazz Project which brought jazz acts to campus. I’ve also contributed in the past to AllAboutJazz where I was mentored by John Kelman. I decided to focus on my passion for jazz music journalism after a job in the social services field as a caseworker went south, and as a person with a physical disability I work on going against the odds, living independently and having accomplished things people had said I’d never do.